There’s a lot that goes into house flipping. You need to choose the right market, negotiate a competitive price, work with the best contractors, and get an agent to help you sell for a profit.
On top of that, a defined accounting strategy for house flipping is critical to your long-term success. Here’s how to create one.
Understanding the Basics of House Flipping Accounting
Successful accounting for house flipping comes down to two words: accuracy and completeness.
In house flipping, accuracy is a must. Even minor miscalculations can lead to significant financial losses and/or potential trouble with tax authorities.
Precise estimates for purchase costs, renovation expenses, and resale value must never be overlooked. Attention to detail and completeness ensures that profit margins are maximized, taxes are paid in full and on time, and stress is reduced.
Differences between house flipping and rental property accounting
With house flipping, you focus on quick turnovers. You buy, renovate, and sell within a short time frame, accounting mainly for immediate expenses and sales revenue. Your financial success hinges on accurately capturing these short-term costs and gains to realize a profit from the sale.
Conversely, with rental properties, your accounting spreads out over a longer period. You track ongoing expenses like maintenance, property taxes, and management fees against income from rent. Here, you also consider depreciation, a method to spread the cost of the property over its useful life, which reduces your taxable income.
While both strategies aim to generate income, the accounting approach for each reflects their unique timelines and cash flow patterns.
What should you track?
There’s no shortage of items to track when accounting for house flipping. Here are the five primary categories:
- Acquisition: Record all purchase-related documents, including HUD statements, tax assessments, and insurance. Add paid seller’s real estate taxes to the property basis, or deduct reimbursed taxes in the purchase year.
- Rehab: Track all remodeling costs from materials to labor, and remember to add improvements (like a new roof) to the property’s original value. Issue 1099 forms to contractors if operating through a business.
- Holding: Include all carrying costs such as financing, utilities, and maintenance in your records, with the option to deduct or capitalize these expenses.
- Selling: Document all selling expenses, including broker fees and staging costs, and consider the impact of property taxes, transfer taxes, and mortgage prepayment penalties.
- Income: Ensure the profit from the sale is accurately recorded. Keep detailed paperwork for income verification and tax purposes.
House Flipping Accounting Tips (Beyond the Basics)
The more homes you flip, the more you’ll learn about the accounting process. Along the way, you’ll pick up tips like these that can help in the future:
- Use of software: Leverage accounting and project management software to streamline tracking of expenses, income, and project timelines.
- Importance of forecasting: Implement forecasting to anticipate costs, potential sales prices, and market trends.
- Tax and regulation knowledge: Keep current with tax laws and real estate regulations to optimize financial strategies and ensure compliance.
- Professional networking: Form relationships with industry professionals for access to better deals and quality services.
- Contingency planning: Allocate a contingency fund for unforeseen expenses.
Accounting for house flipping becomes significantly easier when you implement these tips, among others that you pick up as you gain experience.
Tax Strategies and Considerations for House Flippers
Wouldn’t it be nice if you could flip homes without any tax implications? Unfortunately, that’s not how the tax system works.
A sound understanding of tax strategies and related considerations will ensure compliance while putting your mind at ease. Here’s a good place to start:
- Capital gains: Understand how to manage capital gains from house flipping, considering the impact of holding periods on tax rates to minimize liabilities.
- Income: Accurately report income from property sales to ensure compliance with IRS guidelines and leverage any applicable tax benefits.
- Tax deductions: Take full advantage of deductions for renovation expenses, interest, and operational costs to lower overall tax obligations.
There’s a lot to learn, so you’ll want to read our ultimate guide to house flipping taxes.
Tip: Consult with a tax professional who has experience working with real estate investors.
Managing Cash Flow Effectively
Managing cash flow is a cornerstone of successful house flipping. Do it right, and you’re in a position to succeed. But do it wrong, and it could sink your experience.
The first thing you should do is get into the habit of closely monitoring and controlling holding costs. Expenses, from loan interest to utility bills, can quickly erode profits if left unchecked. Regularly review each cost component, negotiate better rates where possible, and ensure swift progress to minimize the duration of these expenses.
Another aspect is managing payments to contractors and suppliers. Establishing clear payment terms upfront and adhering to a strict schedule helps maintain a healthy cash flow.
From a personal perspective, it didn’t take me long to learn the importance of having a contingency fund. Unexpected expenses are a reality in house flipping, and financial flexibility allows you to manage unexpected expenses without losing control of your project. You never know when a pest problem, leaky roof, or plumbing disaster will strike.
Through careful planning, negotiation, and budget management, you can effectively manage cash flow.
Case Study: The Accounting Process of My First Flip
One of the primary reasons I put off house flipping for so long was fear of making accounting mistakes—more specifically, getting into hot water with the IRS.
I’ll be the first to admit: Navigating the accounting process the first time was a steep learning curve. Even though I carefully tracked all expenses, I always felt like I was missing something. This resulted in additional stress on top of the actual process of flipping for a profit.
Here are some strategies I used:
- Utilized accounting software: To streamline tracking and ensure accuracy, I implemented accounting software into my daily workflow. This helped with organizing financial data and reduced the risk of errors.
- Hired a tax professional: Recognizing the complexity of tax laws, I moved to “interview” several tax professionals in my local area. It didn’t take long to find someone with prior experience working with flippers.
- Got a second set of eyes: My wife offered a fresh perspective, acting as a second set of eyes on our accounting. Her involvement was critical in double-checking our financials, catching mistakes, and providing peace of mind.
Seeking Professional Advice
Seek professional advice before you flip your first home, which should come from a CPA and/or financial advisor. They can answer your questions, address your concerns, and help prevent costly errors. With the right finance team on your side, you can focus more of your time and efforts on buying, renovating, and selling for a profit.
Tip: Use our Tax & Financial Services Finder to locate the right person in your area.
Final Thoughts
No two flippers will have the same experience. For this reason, no two flippers will take the same approach to accounting.
Even so, this information can serve as your foundation. Accounting for house flipping isn’t nearly as challenging as it sounds when you have the right knowledge guiding you.
Your one-stop guide to making a profit with fix-and-flips
A step-by-step plan to succeed in your first or next house flip, this bundle will teach you how to budget and estimate every aspect of your renovation, from cosmetic renovations to complex installations and upgrades. Discover the ins and outs of flipping real estate in any part of the economic cycle, find options for financing your flips, and undertake larger renovation projects.
Note By BiggerPockets: These are opinions written by the author and do not necessarily represent the opinions of BiggerPockets.
